<p>Aksha is an ancient Egyptian temple, rebuilt in part at the National Museum of Sudan in Khartoum. The temple was built around 1250 BC by Ramses II. It is situated in the far north of present-day Sudan, a few kilometers south of Faras, on the west side of the Nile. On the temple walls, several sacrifices are depicted. The location of the temple was not well chosen, as it is only a few inches above the high tide of the Nile. This resulted in penetration of the lower wall layers, salt crystallization on the wall surfaces, and stones being worn down over the centuries. In addition, the temple was preyed upon by the local population. Other finds at the site include cemeteries, parts of Qubanstele, and the stele with the "blessings of Ptah".</p><br>
<p>The 1963 excavations of Aksha were initiated because of the construction of the Aswan Dam. One of the discoveries included a relatively well-preserved temple wall, the western wall of the courtyard. Along its entire length, it contains a carved list of the foreign nations which Ramses II. After the temple was deemed worthy of preservation, archaeologists from the University of Ghana sawed the wall into individual blocks. It was rebuilt in the garden of the National Museum, protected by a pavilion.</p><br>
<p>Lake Winterset is a large natural freshwater lake on the south side of Winter Haven, Florida. This lake has a 556 acre surface area and is round with an oval-shaped cove on its south end. The cove is connected to the main part of the lake by a short, wide channel. This lake is almost entirely surrounded by private residences, most of them in subdivisions, the majority of them gated subdivisions. Just to the north of Lake Winterset is Cypress Gardens Boulevard. About 1,000 ft to the west is Lake Eloise; Dollar Lake and Round Lake are just to the southeast.</p><br>
<p>Although this is a large lake there is no public access to the lake shore, since it is totally surrounded by private property. Therefore, Lake Winterset has no public swimming areas or boat ramps. However, the Chain of Lakes canal system links Lake Winterset to many area lakes. A canal on the west side directly links the lake to Lake Eloise. Boats can use Lake Winterset and the public may fish from private boats entering the lake. The Hook and Bullet website says this lake contains flathead catfish, bluegill and largemouth bass.</p><br>
<p>Callowhill Industrial Historic District is a national historic district located in the Callowhill neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It encompasses 31 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 1 contributing structure. The commercial and industrial buildings were mostly built from the 1890s through the 1930s. They range from 4 to 14-stories in height and the exteriors are of brick, concrete, terra cotta, and stone. Most of the buildings are characterized as box-shaped, mid-rise loft buildings with flat roofs. Also in the district are 11, 2 12-story brick rowhouses, with the earliest dated to the 1830s. Notable buildings include the Rebman Building , Stewart Cracker Building , USA Tire Company Building , Lasher Building , Philadelphia City Morgue , and Overland Motor Company Building . Located in the district and listed separately are the Smaltz Building , Terminal Commerce Building, Goodman Brothers and Hinlein Company, and the Packard Motor Corporation Building.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>Fairmount Avenue Historic District is a national historic district located in the Spring Garden neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It encompasses 75 contributing buildings and includes commercial, residential, and industrial properties. Residential buildings include mid- to late 19th-century vernacular Late Victorian rowhouses. Notable commercial and industrial buildings date to the early 20th century through 1930, and are in the early modern and Art Deco styles. Notable non-residential buildings include the A.F. Bernot and Brothers dye works , Gaul, Derr, and Shearer building , Security Elevator factory , and the Alemite Lubricator Company offices .</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<h2>Definition</h2><br>
<p>The boundaries and restrictions of the district were defined by City Council on May 2, 2002.</p><br>
<p>Lower North Philadelphia Speculative Housing Historic District, also known as the Cecil B. Moore Redevelopment Area, is a national historic district located in the North Central neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It encompasses 855 contributing buildings. It is a predominantly residential district, primarily built between 1868 and 1875 and representative of the Italianate and Gothic architectural styles. It mostly consists of rowhouse blocks, with dwellings mostly three stories in height and between 14 and 21 feet wide. Notable non-residential buildings include the former Gethsemane Baptist Church, Messiah Lutheran Church, and Universalist Church of the Restoration. Located in the district and separately listed are the George Meade School, Muhlenberg School, and Wagner Free Institute of Science.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>The Ogunquit Playhouse is a regional theater at 10 Main Street  in Ogunquit, Maine. The Ogunquit Playhouse is one of the last remaining summer theatres from the Straw Hat Circuit, also referred to as Summer Stock, still producing live musical theatre. The theatre is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2015, the listing was raised to National Level of Significance "in consideration of the significant contributions made by its founder Walter J. Hartwig and the Playhouse to Performing Arts Education throughout the nation."</p><br>
<h2>About</h2><br>
<p>The Ogunquit Playhouse produces five (sometimes more) musicals each season, with each season running mid-May through mid-October with performances Tuesday through Sunday. Each show is cast for its audience, and shows are produced and rehearsed onsite or in New York City.</p><br>
<h3>Children's Theatre Program</h3><br>
<p>The Children&#39;s Theatre Program began in the late 1990s, now offering children from ages 5–18 an opportunity to learn and perform on the Playhouse campus and stage.It gives these children a real-life experience, working with professional mics/makeup/wigs as well as the professional Ogunquit Playhouse Crew. As of 2016, the Workshop program has come back, providing students an ability to work on specific parts of the theater world.</p><br>
<h3>Education and outreach</h3><br>
<p>With the expansion of the season from 10 to 24 weeks, the Playhouse was able to offer more educational opportunities to middle and high school children. With the children&#39;s theater program and at least one kid-friendly performance each year, students are able to see Broadway-quality shows and meet the actors backstage in a professional theater close to home.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Beginnings</h3><br>
<p>The Ogunquit Playhouse was established by Walter and Maude Hartwig in 1933 in a renovated garage in the center of Ogunquit, Maine. As part of the Little Theatre Movement of the 1920s and early 30s, Walter Hartwig organized an annual theatre tournament in New York. When the Depression put an end to the tournament, Hartwig started the Manhattan Theatre Colony and brought it to the town of Ogunquit. In 1937, the theatre moved to a new building at its present-day location on Main Street in Ogunquit, Maine. The Ogunquit Playhouse was the first, and remains the only, summer theatre from the summer stock era built exclusively as a seasonal theatre. After Walter&#39;s death in 1941, Maude carried on his legacy at the Playhouse.</p><br>
<h3>1950s</h3><br>
<p>In 1950, John Lane became the general manager and eventually took ownership of the Playhouse with his business partner, Henry Weller. Together they focused on modernizing and improving the building and grounds, and through John Lanes direction, audiences enjoyed the brightest stars and finest professional actors performing in Broadways best shows. After a long and successful career, John Lane retired in 1994. He transferred ownership to the Ogunquit Playhouse Foundation, a not-for-profit foundation that currently oversees the Ogunquit Playhouse. John Lane died in 2000.</p><br>
<h3>1990s</h3><br>
<p>In September 1999, Roy M. Rogosin was hired as Producing Artistic Director to help usher the Playhouse towards a new era. During this transition, the playhouse began producing its own shows, designing and building sets, designing costumes and bringing back the stars. The old Manhattan Theatre Colony building was restored as a rehearsal space. At the same time, the Children&#39;s Theatre Program began, and continues today. The program provides a number of educational opportunities for children and teens interested in theatre, both as performers and behind-the-scenes.</p><br>
<h3>2000s</h3><br>
<p>In 2006, Bradford Kenney came on board as the new Executive Artistic Director. With his guidance the Playhouse continued a tradition of excellence, bringing regional premieres and stars of the stage and screen to Ogunquit. With help from grants from the Maine Arts Commission and the Donato J. Tramuto Foundation, improvements were made to both the sound and lighting systems. Audiences were growing, and soon the theatre expanded from a 10-weeks to a 21-week season. In 2010, a new steel support system for the stage house section of the theatre was installed to support the building and a new rigging system. In 2013, a state-of-the-art sprinkler system was installed.</p><br>
<p>75th Diamond Jubilee Anniversary Season</p><br>
<p>The Ogunquit Playhouse celebrated its 75th year in 2007 with seven shows that performed to record-breaking audiences. The season included a revival of 2006&#39;s Menopause the Musical, The Full Monty (musical) with Hunter Foster and Sally Struthers, Crazy for You (musical) with Rue McClanahan, La Cage aux Folles, The King and I with Lorenzo Lamas, Hairspray (musical), and closed with a revival of The Full Monty (musical) with Hunter Foster and Sally Struthers.</p><br>
<p>80th Anniversary Season</p><br>
<p>The Playhouse celebrated 80 years in theatre with the most successful season to-date that included Sally Struthers in Always, Patsy Cline and 9 to 5 (musical), Rodgers and Hammersteins South Pacific (musical), Carson Kressley in Damn Yankees (musical) The Boston Red Sox Version, and Ballroom with a Twist featuring celebrity pros and talents from Dancing with the Stars, American Idol and So You Think You Can Dance, including Anna Trebunskaya and Jonathan Roberts. The season closed with what became the theatres most popular musical ever, Buddy - The Buddy Holly Story starring Kurt Jenkins. The demand was so high that the show was brought back the following year as the season closer. This feat was achieved again two years later with the Playhouses production of Million Dollar Quartet. For the past 85 seasons, Ogunquit Playhouse has brought works to its stage that expose audiences to a life beyond their own.</p><br>
<h2>Shows</h2><br>
<p>Shows by season for the last 11 seasons:</p><br>
<p>- Brought back by popular demand</p><br>
<p>- Regional premiere of production</p><br>
<h2>Stars</h2><br>
<p>Stars that have appeared at the Ogunquit Playhouse includes the following:</p><br>
<p>Clay Aiken - Joseph in Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (2013)</p><br>
<p>Lucie Arnaz</p><br>
<p>Ethel Barrymore</p><br>
<p>John Bolton - Dr. Frankenstein in Young Frankenstein (musical) (2013)</p><br>
<p>Bette Davis</p><br>
<p>George Dvorsky - Billy Flynn in Chicago (musical) (2010)</p><br>
<p>Hunter Foster</p><br>
<p>F. Michael Haynie - Quasimodo in The Hunchback of Notre Dame (2016)</p><br>
<p>Van Johnson</p><br>
<p>Paul Kreppel - Amos in Chicago (musical) (2010)</p><br>
<p>Carson Kressley - Man in Chair in The Drowsy Chaperone (2010), The Devil in Damn Yankees (musical) The Boston Red Sox Version (2012)</p><br>
<p>Lorenzo Lamas - The King in The King and I (2007)</p><br>
<p>Myrna Loy</p><br>
<p>Andrea McArdle - Sally Bowles in Cabaret (2006), Fantine in Les Miserables (2008), Reno Sweeney in Anything Goes (2016)</p><br>
<p>Rue McClanahan - Crazy For You (musical) (2007)</p><br>
<p>Sydney Morton - Esmeralda in The Hunchback of Notre Dame (2016)</p><br>
<p>Vincent Pastore - Bullets Over Broadway (2017)</p><br>
<p>Stefanie Powers - starred in Sunset Boulevard (musical) (2010)</p><br>
<p>William Powell</p><br>
<p>Rachelle Rak - Velma in Chicago (musical) (2010)</p><br>
<p>Michael Rupert - Professor Callahan in Legally Blonde (2011)</p><br>
<p>Peter Scolari - Harold Hill in The Music Man (2011)</p><br>
<p>Keala Settle - The Narrator in Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (2013)</p><br>
<p>Charles Shaughnessy - King Arthur Spamalot (2010)</p><br>
<p>Rex Smith - Captain von Trapp in The Sound of Music (2010)</p><br>
<p>Sally Struthers - The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (2005), Hello, Dolly! (2006), The Full Monty (musical) (2007), Fiddler on the Roof (2008), All Shook Up (musical) (2009), Matron "Mama" Morton in Chicago (musical) (2010), Louise Seger in Always, Patsy Cline and Roz in 9 to 5 (musical) (2012), Mrs. Meers in Thoroughly Modern Millie (musical) (2013), Felicia Gabriel in The Witches of Eastwick (2014), Duchess Estonia Dulworth in Nice Work if You Can Get It (2015), Evangeline Harcourt in Anything Goes (2016), Eden Brent in Bullets Over Broadway (2017)</p><br>
<p>Rachel York - Lady of the Lake in Spamalot (2010)</p><br>
<h2>Awards and Recognitions</h2><br>
<h3>New England Theatre Conference (NETC)</h3><br>
<p>Moss Hart Award for West Side Story (2013)</p><br>
<p>Moss Hart Award for Best Professional Production in New England for The Music Man (2011)</p><br>
<p>Award for Outstanding Achievement in American Theatre (2010)</p><br>
<h3>Independent Reviewers of New England (IRNE) Awards</h3><br>
<p>South Pacific (2012)</p><br>
<p>Best Musical (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Ensemble (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Actress in a Musical - Jennie Sophia as Nelly Forbush (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Actor in a Musical - Branch Fields as Emile deBecque (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Director - Shaun Kerrison (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Choreographer - Victor Wisehart (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Set Design - Michael Yeargan (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Sound Design - Jeremy Oleksa (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Musical Direction - Ken Clifton (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Miss Saigon (2011) (nominations)</p><br>
<p>Spamalot (2010)</p><br>
<p>Best Choreography - Casey Nicolaw (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Sunset Boulevard (2010)</p><br>
<p>Best Musical (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Actress in a Musical - Stefanie Powers (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Actor in a Musical - Todd Gearhart (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Ensemble (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Set Design - Todd Edward Ivins (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Lighting Design - Richard Latta (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Costume Design - Anthony Powell (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Musical Direction - Ken Clifton (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Director - Shaun Kerrison (nomination)</p><br>
<p>My Fair Lady (2009)</p><br>
<p>Best Musical (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Actor in a Musical - Jefferson Mays (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Costume Design - Gregory Poplyk (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Choreography - Jennifer Werner (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Music Director - Catherine Stornetta (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Director - Shaun Kerrison (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Singin in the Rain (musical)&#39; (2009)</p><br>
<p>Best Supporting Actor in a Musical - Jon Peterson (nomination)</p><br>
<p>Best Choreography - Jayme McDaniel (nomination)</p><br>
<h3>BroadwayWorld.com Maine Awards</h3><br>
<p>Billy Elliot the Musical (2014)</p><br>
<p>Best Musical</p><br>
<p>Best Actor in a Play - Noah Parets</p><br>
<p>Best Choreography - Adam Pelty</p><br>
<p>Best Dance Performance in a Musical - Noah Parets</p><br>
<p>Best Director (play or musical) - BT McNicholl</p><br>
<p>Best Ensemble Performance in a Play or Musical</p><br>
<p>Best Vocal Performance in a Musical - Noah Parets</p><br>
<p>Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (2013)</p><br>
<p>Best Musical</p><br>
<p>Best Actor in a Musical - Clay Aiken</p><br>
<p>Best Actress in a Musical - Keala Settle</p><br>
<p>Best Choreography - Jayme McDaniel</p><br>
<p>Best Director (play or musical) - Jayme McDaniel</p><br>
<p>Best Costume Design (play or musical) - Dustin Cross</p><br>
<p>Best Ensemble Performance in a Play or Musical</p><br>
<p>Best Lighting and/or Sound Design - Eric Martin</p><br>
<p>Best Scenic Design (play or musical) - Geof Dolan</p><br>
<p>Best Vocal Performance in a Musical - Clay Aiken</p><br>
<h3>ecomaine Awards</h3><br>
<p>eco-Excellence Community Award for the town of Ogunquit*</p><br>
<p>The Hope Lutheran Church, also known as Old Stone Church, is a historic church built in approximately 1898 and located seven miles north of Elgin, North Dakota. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places  in 1992. The 2.5 acre area of the NRHP listing includes a cemetery as an additional contributing site.</p><br>
<p>The church is located on a hill above the cemetery. The exterior walls were constructed with local sandstone slabs laid in mud mortar. In 1981, the sandstone is covered with a cement material that gives the exterior the appearance of stucco. In a chapter on the prairie churches of North Dakota, the authors of "Fromer&#39;s 500 Places to See Before They Disappear" describe Hope Lutheran as an "evocative sight... standing alone among the wheat fields" with no steeple, and "only a plain white cross tacked onto its cedar-shingled roof."</p><br>
<p>According to the church&#39;s NRHP nomination, "This church is the only known Catholic church in existence that reflects the German Russian architectural heritage of sandstone and plaster wall construction." According to church records, the church was built by 12 families from the Beresan district of South Russia, specifically from Kulm, Leipzig, Petersthal, Tarutino, and Teplitz; these locations are villages in the Bessarabia area of what is now Ukraine. They would have arrived into the area by rail to Menno or Scotland, South Dakota. The parish ceased operation in 1956, and the interior furnishings and entry vestibule were sold and removed at that time.</p><br>
<p>Mikhaylovskoye Museum Reserve  is a museum complex dedicated to Alexander Pushkin, a Russian poet considered to be the founder of modern literary Russian language. The museum is located in Pushkinogorsky District of Pskov Oblast in Northwestern Russia, in the areas around the settlement of Pushkinskiye Gory and in the surrounding villages including Mikhaylovskoye, where Pushkin had a family estate.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1742, the land around the village of Mikhaylovskoye was granted to Abram Petrovich Gannibal by empress Elizabeth. Pushkin&#39;s mother, Nadezhda Osipovna Pushkina (Gannibal), was a granddaughter of Abram Gannibal. Pushkin was visiting the estate on a regular basis, and between 1824 and 1826 he was also exiled there. He was killed on a duel in January 1837 in Saint Petersburg and was buried in Svyatogorsky Monastery in what is now Pushkinskiye Gory. The estate remained in the family until 1899, when the state bought it from Grigory Pushkin, a son of Alexanfer Pushkin.</p><br>
<p>An unsuccessful attempt to open a small-scale museum was made in 1911, and subsequently during the October Revolution in 1917 the estate was burnt down. On March 17, 1922 Mikhaylovskoye, Trigorskoye, and the tomb of Pushkin in Svyatogorsky Monastery were declared a state monument and opened as a museum (the Pushkin Museum Reserve). In 1936, the whole Svyatogorsky Monastery was added, as well as the estate of Petrovskoye, which formerly belonged to Pushkin&#39;s uncle, and adjacent areas. The museum was looted and badly damaged during World War II; after the war, extensive restoration work was undertaken.</p><br>
<p>In 1992, the monastery was transferred to the property of Russian Orthodox Church, and in 1995, the museum was renamed Mikhaylovskoye Museum Reserve. It was further expanded in the same year.</p><br>
<h2>Collections</h2><br>
<p>The museum includes several areas,</p><br>
<p>* Mikhaylovskoye, the former estate by Pushkin, where the main house, several service buildings, and a landscape park were preserved.</p><br>
<p>* Trigorskoye, the former estate by Praskovya Osipova, a close friend of Pushkin. The main estate house, the bath, and the park were preserved.</p><br>
<p>* Petrovskoye was granted to Abram Gannibal together with Mikhaylovskoye. In Pushkin&#39;s times, it was owned by his mother&#39;s cousin, Veniamin Gannibal. The estate with the park was preserved.</p><br>
<p>* Bugrovo, the village where a water mill was restored.</p><br>
<p>* The archeological sites of Savkina Gorka, Voronich, and Velye.</p><br>
<p>The Tivoli Theatre, also known as the Tivoli and the "Jewel of the South", is a historic theatre in Chattanooga, Tennessee, that opened on March 19, 1921. Built between 1919 and 1921 at a cost of $750,000, designed by famed Chicago-based architectural firm Rapp and Rapp and well-known Chattanooga architect Reuben H. Hunt, and constructed by the John Parks Company , the theatre was one of the first air-conditioned public buildings in the United States. The theatre was named Tivoli after Tivoli, Italy, has cream tiles and beige terra-cotta bricks, has a large red, black, and white marquee with 1,000 chaser lights, and has a large black neon sign that displays TIVOLI with still more chaser lights.</p><br>
<h2>Specifications</h2><br>
<p>The building seats 1,012 in the orchestra, 48 in upper boxes, 78 in the loge, 312 in the upper balcony, 312 in the lower balcony, and 104 in removable orchestra pit seating. Therefore, the Tivoli can hold more than 1,750 people.</p><br>
<p>The stages depth is 44 ft and 99 ft long. The ornately decorated silver and gold prosceniums width is 47 feet and 8 inches (14.3 meters and 20.3 cm) and is 26 ft high.</p><br>
<p>The Tivoli has had two music systems in its lifetime. When the theatre opened in 1921, a Bennett Pipe Organ was used and then replaced in 1924 with a $30,000 Wurlitzer organ. The organ, also known as the Mighty Wurlitzer Theatre Pipe Organ 235 Special, was installed in order to produce live music to accommodate silent films and stage productions. The Mighty Wurlitzer Organ is still playing almost a century later.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Reflecting the Beaux Arts architectural style prevalent in late 19th century and early 20th century America, the theatre contains a high rose-and-gold coffered ceiling, the original box office, a grand lobby with a white terrazzo floor inlaid with forest-green marble and music-motif medallions, crystal chandeliers, an elegant foyer, and red velvet-plush chairs. The theater served Chattanooga well for several decades as the chief location for stage and film entertainment in Chattanooga, but went into a steady decline as modern movie theaters started to appear in Chattanooga in the 1950s. The last film to be shown in the Tivoli was Snow White and the Three Stooges on August 17, 1961. The theater closed in the same year and reopened on March 5, 1963 as Chattanooga&#39;s new Cultural Center.</p><br>
<p>The Tivoli was, at one time, owned by ABC and was later leased to Chattanooga as a performing arts facility. The theatre was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in April 1973. The city of Chattanooga purchased the Tivoli in 1976 for $300,000 after the theater had been in disrepair for some years; Chattanooga&#39;s Department of Education, Arts, and Culture currently owns and operates the Tivoli.</p><br>
<p>In 1979, Chattanooga-based Lyndhurst Foundation gave a $25,000 grant to the then-Chattanooga Arts Council, which is now Allied Arts of Greater Chattanooga, for a feasibility study on restoring the Tivoli. Other grants for renovation included $3.5 million given by Tennessee in 1986, $3.2 million raised by a private campaign by Chattanoogans, and $300,000 given by the city government.</p><br>
<p>After the Tivoli closed on June 5, 1987 for renovations, which were directed by Robert A. Franklin, the Tivoli reopened on March 29, 1989 with a recital by Marilyn Horne. These renovations included new dressing rooms to hold up to 70 performers, and an increase in the stage depth by 14 feet.</p><br>
<h2>First program</h2><br>
<p>Tivoli opened on March 19, 1921 with a total of five shows. The first show was at 1 p.m., beginning with the Overture of Orpheus and a personal appearance of Mae Murray. Following this opening was the first viewing of Forbidden Fruit. The second show, at 3 p.m., began similarly with the Overture of Orpheus by the Chattanooga Symphony, but then also incorporated a Prologue of A Cinderella Fantasy and another appearance of Mae Murray, before the second viewing of Forbidden Fruit. The 7 p.m. show incorporated A Cinderella Fantasy along with the Orpheus the Overture, but it also featured toe dancers, impersonators, and readers. Following this show was the third viewing of Forbidden Fruit. At 9 p.m., Mae Murray along with the Forbidden Fruit cast visited for an appearance and the formal opening and dedication of the Tivoli theatre. This then led into the fourth viewing of Forbidden Fruit. The fourth and final viewing of the night was identical to that of the 3 p.m., and thus began the 1921 success of the Tivoli Theatre.</p><br>
<h2>The making of a Historic Site</h2><br>
<p>Tivoli Theatre was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 11, 1973. Its condition was marked as good with few signs of neglect. The American Made Mighty Wurlitzer theatre pipe organ, which was installed in 1931, was still present, and the rest of the theatre was checked as unaltered. The Tivoli theatre was considered a significant landmark for many reasons including its reputation for being the "finest theater in the entire South," and that it became the first theater to have air conditioning in the South and the first of five Carrier Plants in the United States. Its period of significance was marked, by the National Register, as most significant from 1875 to 1899 due to the building&#39;s architectural features.</p><br>
<h2>Famous movies and shows that have played at the Tivoli</h2><br>
<p>Some famous actors, actresses, movies, and shows that have played at the Tivoli are listed below:</p><br>
<p>Mae Murray</p><br>
<p>Louis Armstrong</p><br>
<p>Fanny Brice</p><br>
<p>Lynn Fontanne</p><br>
<p>Helen Hayes</p><br>
<p>Marilyn Horne</p><br>
<p>Alfred Lunt</p><br>
<p>Idiot&#39;s Delight</p><br>
<p>Mary of Scotland</p><br>
<p>The Old Maid</p><br>
<p>The Earl Carroll Vanities</p><br>
<p>The Greater Marcus Show</p><br>
<p>The Ziegfeld Follies</p><br>
<p>Snow White and the Three Stooges</p><br>
<p>Lava Lake lies in the Cascade Range about 25 mi west-southwest of Bend in the USA state of Oregon. Lava Lake is at an elevation of 4,740 ft in the Deschutes National Forest. The lake covers 368 acre to an average depth of 20 ft.</p><br>
<p>Lava Lake, Little Lava Lake, and other nearby lakes formed after lava flows from Mount Bachelor altered drainage patterns in the area. Solidified lava flows are visible along the shorelines of both lakes, and the volcanic peaks Broken Top and South Sister can be seen to the north.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>Fish in the lake include rainbow trout that grow to 24 in and brook trout that sometimes reach 19 in. Controlled populations of tui chub also live in the lake.</p><br>
<p>A United States Forest Service campground and a private resort are near the lake, and Little Lava Lake also has campsites. Amenities around the lake include parking areas, two boat ramps, and a fish cleaning station.</p><br>
<p>Trails in the area offer opportunities for hiking. One trail follows the east side of the lake, while another heads south into Three Sisters Wilderness and on to Williamson Mountain.</p><br>
<p>The Mishmi Hills, known in China as the Qilinggong Mountains, are a southern extension of the Kangri Garpo mountains and are claimed by India and China. The distinction between the Mishmi Hills and the Kangri Garpo is not well-defined, and may follow the McMahon Line. On the Indian side, the Mishmi Hills are located at the northeastern tip of the country, in central Arunachal Pradesh. On the Chinese side, they form the southern parts of Nyingchi Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region.</p><br>
<p>These hills occur at the junction of Northeastern Himalaya and Indo-Burma ranges. The Himalayan arc takes a sharp turn and meets Indo-Burma ranges. The rocks of eastern lesser Himalaya and the central crystallines appear to be largely attenuated and truncated in Mishmi Hills.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Geomorphically, the Mishmi Hills are divided into 2 sections the flood plains of tributaries of Brahmaputra river and the Arunachal Himalayas consisting of snow-capped mountains, lower Himalayan ranges, and Shivalik ranges. The Hills reach heights above but have not been properly mapped. This hilly area is characterised by steeply sloping landform, sub-tropical evergreen forest and high rainfall. The central part of the Hills wrap around both sides of the Dibang Valley. The Mishmi Hills are part of Shan-Malaysia plate. In 1950, the Hills were the epicenter of a devastating earthquake.</p><br>
<h2>Administration</h2><br>
<p>In India, the Mishmi Hills were declared as a district after its bifurcation of Sadiya Frontier Tract in 1948. Again in 1951, the plains area were transferred to the administrative jurisdiction of Assam. In 1952, the headquarters was shifted from Sadiya to Tezu. When the North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) formed in 1954, Mishmi Hills District became Lohit Frontier Division.</p><br>
<p>In China, the western parts of the Hills fall under the administration of Mêdog County and the eastern parts are administered by Zayü County. Both these counties are part of Nyingchi Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<p>The Mishmi Hills experience heavy rainfall with pre-monsoon showers from March. The humidity and rainfall is about 90%. There are about 6000 plant species, 100 mammal species and about 700 bird species. There are also a large number of butterflies and other insects. Temperate conifers, sub-alpine woody shrubs, alpine meadows, bamboos and grasslands are found in this region. Tiger, common leopard, clouded leopard, snow leopard, golden cat, jungle cat, marbled cat and the leopard cat are found. The endangered red panda is seen in the northern reaches and the hoolock gibbon is abundant. One of the most unusual ungulates found here is the Mishmi takin. Serow, musk deer and the Himalayan black bear are also found.</p><br>
<p>There are about 680 bird species. Some of them are Sclaters monal, Blyths and Temmincks tragopan, chestnut-breasted partridge, rufous-necked hornbill, pale-capped pigeon, Wards trogon, dark-sided thrush, green and purple cochoa, rusty-bellied and Gould&#39;s shortwing, beautiful nuthatch, rusty-throated and wedge-billed wren babbler, fire-tailed myzornis, at least four parrotbill species, black-headed greenfinch, scarlet finch and grey-headed bullfinch.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<p>Temperatures ranges from below 5 °C in winter to 38 °C in summer.</p><br>
<p>Dhamra is a joint stream in Odisha that is formed by the confluence of the Brahmani and Baitarani rivers south of the town of Chandabali. It lies in the Bhadrak district and empties into the Bay of Bengal. To the north of its mouth is the Dhamra Port and near the mouth is the Gahirmatha sanctuary, a nesting site for olive ridley sea turtles.</p><br>
<p>The river mouth is as wide as 4 km, and it enters the sea through two distinct river channels separated by an island formation called Kalibhanj. The two channels are further separated by another island formation in the sea called Kanika Sands which is approximately 8 km wide.</p><br>
<p>The Bhitarkanika wildlife sanctuary, famous for its estuarine crocodiles lie on the Dhamra estuary. Wheeler Island a DRDO missile launch centre is located off the mouth of the Dhamra in the Bay of Bengal.</p><br>
<p>The Krupa is a 2.5 km  river in White Carniola, southeastern Slovenia. Its source is a karst spring in the village of Krupa below a rock wall. The bed has canyon characteristics in some places. At Gradac, the river joins the Lahinja from the left side. Its drop from the source to the outflow is only 6 m.</p><br>
<p>The river is protected as a natural monument and has been included in the Natura 2000 ecological network. It is the main feature of the Karst nature trail from Lebica to Krupa (Kraška učna pot od Lebice do Krupe). Its source lake is the only habitat of the cave mollusk Congeria kusceri in Slovenia. It is also home to some cave snails and the olm.</p><br>
<p>The Krupa River is infamous because of its extremely high pollution with PCBs due to improper handling of PCB waste material which has been used for decades by the capacitor manufacturing company Iskra kondenzatorji in nearby Semič.</p><br>
<p>The Carroll House Hotel on Monroe St. in Fullerton, North Dakota was built in 1889. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. The listing included three contributing buildings which included Shingle Style architecture and Second Empire architecture.</p><br>
<p>According to its NRHP nomination, "the Carroll House Hotel is locally significant in the area of commerce, because it was among the first businesses located in the Fullerton community, and it is the only extant and best preserved example of a hotel and restaurant from the late nineteenth century." Also its "architectural composition, one of restraint and simplicity, represents the Second Empire and Shingle styles from this period. Few changes have occurred with the building, resulting in a high degree of integrity."</p><br>
<p>The hotel was named for Carrol Sweet, the son of its builder.</p><br>
<p>The Helena Historic District  is a federally designated historic district in Helena, Montana, United States. Since its establishment in 1972, the HHD has had boundary adjustments in 1990 and 1993. The original 1972 designation was composed of two unconnected sections known as "Downtown" and "West Residential".</p><br>
<h2>Downtown section</h2><br>
<p>Helena was initially founded in the downtown section. On July 14, 1864 four miners, dubbed the "Four Georgians" (though only one was from Georgia), discovered gold in a creekbed along what today is Helena&#39;s downtown main street, Last Chance Gulch. This sparked a cultural and building boom that lasted 30 years and Helena became the state capital. The city grew from south to north along Last Chance Gulch, its main street, and hence the evolution of architectural styles can be traced. At the southern end the road is narrow with small log and stone buildings and at the northern end the road is wider and has large stonework homes. Few major downtown buildings were built in the years immediately after the Panic of 1893, which among other problems, caused the closing of the local silver mines. This resulted in downtown Helena having a sharp division in its older and newer sections. Most of the newer buildings were small, had a single function, and had a false front. At the time of the initial 1972 NRHP nomination, some of the significant buildings that still stood from that early time were: the Electric and Power Blocks, Helena Athletic Association, Auerbach Buildings, Merchants Hotel (later Monticello Apartments), Atlas Block, Diamond Block, the Wheat Building (Merchants National Bank Building) and the Lewis and Clark County Courthouse. A major fire in 1928 affected the area, destroying many original buildings, including the Granite, Bailey, Gold, and New York Store blocks. Additional buildings in the downtown section were damaged or destroyed in the 1935 Helena earthquake.</p><br>
<p>Helena&#39;s early commercial district was located along State, Edwards, and Broadway Streets, but fires destroyed much of this area in 1869, 1872, and 1874. Much of what was built afterwards was built in the Western Commercial style, with splendid brickwork and simple lines. The Beaux Arts Parchen Drug Building, Colwell Building, and the Penn-Block Bristol Hotel were French Renaissance. The Denver Block and Sands Brothers Dry Goods were Romanesque Revival. By the mid-1880s at least 18 architectural firms had been established in Helena or called in from back East. Several of these architects were part of or influenced by the Chicago school of architecture. This influence is seen in the Atlas Building, Securities Building, Power Block, and the Lewis and Clark County Courthouse.</p><br>
<p>The most significant changes to the area occurred in the early 1970s, when a major urban renewal project demolished about 240 buildings within the original Helena Historic District&mdash;61 of them were of historical significance. Most of these buildings were commercial in nature and were concentrated in the southeastern section of the district. The architectural and historical building survey initiated prior to the project was later deemed incomplete, and the decision to destroy many buildings of "indisputable historic and architectural significance" created significant controversy in the community. Urban renewal was viewed by many locals as a "disaster" equal to the 1935 earthquake, as many "insipid" new buildings were put on in the place of demolished historic structures. However, many historically significant buildings are still standing today including the Atlas block, the Securities building, the Placer Hotel, the Iron Front hotel and the Montana Club.</p><br>
<h2>West Residential section</h2><br>
<p>The West Residential section is located on the lower slopes of Mount Helena, west of the downtown area. The streets in this section are lined with trees and stone walls, and many homes date from the last quarter of the 19th century. Mansions in this section include those once owned by United States Senator Thomas C. Power, B. H. Tatum, D. A. G. Floweree, and S. T. Hauser. The architecture of these homes is quite varied.</p><br>
<h2>Urban Renewal and the boundary increase of 1990</h2><br>
<p>When over 240 buildings within the original Helena Historic District were demolished due to urban renewal, the southeastern section where the demolition of the 1970s was the greatest was delisted, and a roughly 5-block area north of the original downtown district was added in 1990. The residential sections boundaries were not altered at that time, although the construction of Cruse Avenue, a wide, modern street intended to be a traffic bypass, split the residential district from the downtown. St. Peter&#39;s Episcopal Cathedral and the First Unitarian Church (now Grandstreet Theater) were included in this amended district. The boundary change also resulted in the period of significance being extended from 1900 to 1948 to reflect the significant early 20th century changes to the area. In addition, the south end of Last Chance Gulch was closed off and a pedestrian walking mall was created.</p><br>
<p>Historic buildings and areas lost in urban renewal included the razing of 150 buildings in a seven block area and the former Wall street being completely eliminated. This area was infilled with three modern buildings and a park. the Helena YMCA, the Novelty Block, Homer block, and the most controversial demolition, the Marlow Theater.</p><br>
<h2>Boundary increase of 1993</h2><br>
<p>Approximately three blocks of mixed commercial and residential buildings centered on North Rodney Street, east of the earlier downtown section, were added to the district in 1993. They represent a period of development from 1878 to 1948. Many of these structures were built in the late 1800s in an effort to move to an area considered safer than those ravaged by the earlier Helena fires. Several commercial structures here were built by members of Helena&#39;s Jewish business community. This activity, and the Jewish population peaked in the 1890s, and was halted by the Panic of 1893. Limited construction began again after 1900 and continued slowly for the next few decades, but by 1929, there were no Jewish-owned buildings or residences in the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>The Sorot  is a river in Novorzhevsky, Bezhanitsky, and Pushkinogorsky Districts of Pskov Oblast in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Velikaya River. It is 80 km long, and the area of its basin 3,910 km&sup2;. The main tributary of the Sorot is the Lsta .</p><br>
<p>The source of the Sorot is Lake Mikhalkinskoye in the eastern part of Novorzhevsky District. The river flows to the east, reaches the boundary between Novorzhevsky and Bezhanitsky Districts and turns north such that a stretch of it forms the boundary. Further north, it turns west, accepts the Lsta from the left, crosses Novorzhevsky and Pushkinogorsky Districts, and joins the Velikaya downstream of the village of Selikhnovo. In the lower course, the Sorot flows through the Mikhaylovskoye Museum Reserve. The town of Novorzhev is located on the banks of the Sorot.</p><br>
<p>The Sorot flows through a number of lakes, the biggest of which are Lake Beloguli and Lake Posadnikovskoye.</p><br>
<p>The drainage basin of the Sorot is large and includes Novorzhevsky District, the northeastern part of Pushkinogorsky District, the western part of Bezhanitsky District, as well as minor areas in Dedovichsky and Porkhovsky Districts.</p><br>
<p>The Old Armory on 1st Ave., E., in Williston, North Dakota was built in 1915 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>According to its NRHP nomination, the building&#39;s significance rests on two factors:</p><br>
<p>The Old Armory brought together diverse sectors of the public in its creation and</p><br>
<p>subsequent use: local government, military, private business, and the general</p><br>
<p>townspeople. In architectural character it is uncommon, yet representative of a oncepopular</p><br>
<p>type of design for armory buildings in the state.</p><br>
<p>Although designed by Robert Stacy-Judd, a distinguished architect, the architect&#39;s prominence is not noted in the NRHP nomination. In 2012, the local community planned various historically sensitive renovations and fundraising to support the work.</p><br>
<p>Kellys Camp is a small district of vacation cabins on the west shore of Lake McDonald in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Kellys Camp consists of twelve log buildings along the western shore of the lake. It is notable as one of the most extensive summer cabin enclaves remaining in the park.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The present area of the camp was originally the homestead of Frank Kelly, who staked his claim in March 1894. Kelly married Emmeline Haworth in 1897 and the family spent some of their summers at the camp. In 1906 Frank Kelly launched the Emmeline, a 35 ft motorized launch, which he hired out for visitors to the lake. Kelly partnered with Orville Denny around 1912 and operated the Cassie D., then went into business with John Lewis, operator of the Glacier Hotel on the other side of the lake. They operated the Ethel and the Lewtana. Kelly operated the boating business until 1921, when he sold out, but bought the Emmeline back and operated it until 1936.</p><br>
<p>Kelly had difficulty maintaining his land claim after the park was established in 1910, and needed a special patent granted by Congress in 1914 to own his 55 acre property. During the 1920s Kelly started building cabins for rent on his property. In 1922 he sold two parcels which financed later development. Fannie Hollingsworth bought both parcels totaling 11 acre and built the "Hollybourne" cabin starting in the fall of 1926, together with her daughter Cecilia Hollingsworth Chadbourne and Cecilia&#39;s husband Horace. In 1930 Kelly sold another 17.87 acre to Horace Chadbourne. Chadbourne developed the land as a tent camp, which was also called Hollybourne. In 1934 both Hollybourne sites were sold by Cecilia to the government in return for a life estate.</p><br>
<p>By 1930 Kelly had built nine or ten cabins for rental and Frank and Liney Kelly lived in the Big House all year. Other cabins included Hollybourne, the Sun Cabin, the Bay Cabin and the Halfway Cabin. Horace Chadbourne and Frank Kelley cleared a road grade from the Lake McDonald Ranger Station to the camp in 1933, which was completed by the Park Service. Both Emmeline and Frank Kelly died within a day of each other of pneumonia in January 1935. Vern Kelly took over the camp, although bookings declined during the remainder of the 1930s and during World War II. The camp revived after the war and was a popular family resort. Vern Kelly died in 1958, and his widow sold a parcel to Wendell Hammond, who built two cabins. In 1963 Helen sold another parcel to Edward and Mary Jane Theefs, who built a cabin. Starting in 1964 the existing cabins were sold to tenured camp patrons. In 1988 a Kelly descendent sold the Big House and one cabin to the Park Service in exchange for a life estate. Property changed hands through the 2000s.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The cabins are mostly small log structures with gables facing the lake. The Big House was built in 1910. The largest structure in the camp, it is set back in the trees near the northern end of the camp. It was built in two phases, both of 1-1/2 stories. The older section had a large room used as an office, with a living area and kitchen in the newer section. Sleeping rooms were upstairs.</p><br>
<p>Cabin 00 was built between 1925 and 1930. It is the only cabin with gables on the sides, and is the northernmost, with a long porch facing the lake. There is a large room downstairs, with an adjoining bedroom covered by a sleeping loft. Kitchen and bathroom facilities are in an extension to the rear. Near the Big House and Cabin 00, there is an open-walled shop, built between 1910 and 1920, a 1927 generator house with an operating hydroelectric generator system, a 1910 woodshed, a 1905-1910 shower and laundry house and a root cellar from the same period.</p><br>
<p>Cabins 1 through 8 are arranged along the beach. All are of log construction and have gables facing the lake, with minor variations in size and arrangement. Bathroom additions were added to the rear of each cabin after 1970. Most of the original shingled roofs have been replaced with metal to reduce fire danger. Cabins 1 through 4 remain as contributing structures. Cabins 5 and 6 have been altered and are no longer considered contributing structures. Cabins 7 and 8 retain their integrity. Other structures include an open chapel, built about 1945 and a series of privies associated with cabins 00, 2, 4, 5 and 6.</p><br>
<h2>Designation</h2><br>
<p>Kelly&#39;s Camp was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 23, 2009.</p><br>
<p>Curug Cipendok is a waterfall in the southern part of Central Java. It is in Cilongok Banyumas , near the village of Karang Tengah, about 25 km from Purwokerto. The dramatic 92 m falls are considered a major attraction and are very popular with tourists. The area also hosts a campsite and a large lake. The waterfall is 500 m away from a parking area, through a tropical forest.</p><br>
<p>The depth reaches 25 m, with temperatures below 20 &deg;C.</p><br>
<p>The road to the waterfall is lined with celery plantations and stalls selling tempeh, pure milk, tomatoes and peppers. In addition, many small rivers run along the road.</p><br>
<h2>Butterfly park</h2><br>
<p>The village of Losari is around 8 km from the waterfall. The road from Losari goes through a protected area which has a butterfly park, rare plants, Javan hawk-eagles, monkeys, Javanese tigers, and snakes.</p><br>
<p>Between July 2009 to August 2010, research students from the Faculty of Biology at Jenderal Soedirman University discovered 99 new species of butterflies and some species of orchids that exist only in the Cipendok area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>After the Java War, the Dutch colonial government commissioned Ajibarang R. Ranusentika to clear the forest on the slopes. He often went fishing in a waterfall, under which there is a niche or a deep pool. During one of those fishing sessions, Ranusentika felt the tip of the hook pulled by a fish that was big, but when the end of the hook is retrieved there was no big fish, but a pendok, or yellow gold dagger sheath, that caught the eye of the hook. Since then the waterfall is named Cipendok. Curug Cipendok was restored and opened to the public in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Cipendok waterfall is at a plateau in Banyumas region and was officially opened to the public February 27, 1986. North of Cipendok lies the largest mountain forest in Java.</p><br>
<p>The Col du Grand Ballon  is a mountain pass situated close to the summit of the Grand Ballon  in the Vosges Mountains of France. It connects Cernay  with Le Markstein winter sports station.</p><br>
<h2>Details of the climbs</h2><br>
<p>There are several different directions from which the Col du Grand Ballon can be climbed:</p><br>
<p>From Cernay (south-east), the total distance is 23.3 km at an average gradient of 4.5%, gaining 1,046 m in height. This route follows the Route des Crêtes over the Col de Herrenfluh (835 m) after 9.5 km. After a short descent, the road climbs again to the Col de Silberloch (906 m) before descending to the Col Amic (828 m). From here, there remain 6.8 km at an average of 7.6%. In the forest on this final section, there are two short paved stretches. 3 km from the summit, the gradient increases to over 8%.</p><br>
<p>From Willer-sur-Thur (south), the ascent (via D138) is 16.0 km long, climbing 974 m at an average of 6.1%. This route joins that from Cernay at the Col Amic.</p><br>
<p>From the south it is also possible to climb on minor roads from Saint-Amarin or Moosch, both on the N66; these routes join together at Geishouse. Both routes are approximately 12.5 km long at an average of over 7%, with a kilometre section near the summit at 12%.</p><br>
<p>From Soultz (east), the route follows a minor road for the first 12.0 km at a steady average gradient of 4.6%, before joining the other routes at Col Amic. In total, the climb is 19.0 km long, climbing 1,072 m at an average of 5.6%.</p><br>
<p>From Kruth (west), the climb (via D27) is 22.9 km long gaining 853 m in height at an average of 3.7%. This climb joins the D431 at Le Markstein.</p><br>
<h2>Tour de France</h2><br>
<p>The Tour de France first crossed over the Col du Grand Ballon in 1969, when the leader over the summit was Lucien Van Impe. It has been crossed on a further six occasions, the most recent in 2014.</p><br>
<h2>Amateur cycling</h2><br>
<p>The Col du Grand Ballon is also used by amateur cyclists on the "Trois Ballons" sportive ride held in June (together with the climbs over the Ballon d&#39;Alsace and the Ballon de Servance).</p><br>
<p>Oakfield Manor was originally a country house in Upton by Chester, near Chester, Cheshire, England. Since the 1930s it has been the headquarters of Chester Zoo. The house and its stables are recorded separately in the National Heritage List for England as designated Grade II listed buildings.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in about 1885 for B. Chaffers Roberts, and designed by Edward Ould. The stables are dated 1886, and were probably also designed by Ould. The house was extended in 1892 for the same client by Harry Beswick, and some alterations have been made during the 20th century. In 1930 George Mottershead bought the house and estate for £3,500, and started the development of Chester Zoo. While the house was used for administration, the west wing of the stables was used to house lions. As the zoo has grown, the house has been retained and converted for use as a business, educational and wedding venue, and the west wing of the stables for storage.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<h3>House</h3><br>
<p>Oakfield Manor is constructed in red Ruabon brick with blue-brick diapering, and red sandstone dressings. It is roofed with Welsh slate. There are four brick chimney stacks with Tudor-style decoration. The house is in two and 2½ storeys, with a west front of four bays, and a south front with three projecting bays with differing details. The architectural features include two-storey canted bay windows with a castellated parapet and dormers, differently shaped gables, and a projecting porch with a finial in the form of a griffin. Most of the windows have mullions and transoms. Inside the house is much wood panelling and some stained glass in the windows.</p><br>
<h3>Stables</h3><br>
<p>These are constructed in orange brick with dressings in red brick and buff sandstone. It is roofed with red tiles. The building is in one and two storeys, with a frontage of five bays. In the centre is an archway, with a datestone flanked by plaques with horses heads. To the right of the archway is a circular stair turret surmounted by a hexagonal spire. On the base of the turret are marks of lions claws.</p><br>
<p>The Shimōsa Plateau is a plateau on the Kantō Plain in central Honshu, Japan. The plateau covers most of northern Chiba Prefecture. The plateau was historically richly agricultural, but in the 20th century the western and central Shimōsa Plateau became one of the major industrial areas of Japan, as well as a large-scale bedroom community of the Tokyo Metropolitan Region. Narita International Airport is located in the center of the Shimōsa Plateau.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The Shimōsa Plateau covers most of northern Chiba Prefecture. The plateau ranges between 10 m and 150 m above sea level. While the Shimōsa Plateau has no set boundaries, it ranges roughly south to north from the Bōsō Hill Range to the lowlands of the Tone River, and east from the Edo River west to the lowlands of Kujūkuri Beach. The plateau runs from Funabashi to Katori.</p><br>
<h3>Geology</h3><br>
<p>Shimōsa Plateau sits above the Shimōsa Group, a geological group under the Bōsō Peninsula. The Shimōsa Group dates from the Tertiary and Pleistocene periods, and is roughly divided into the Jizodo, Yabu, and Narita formations. The geological group consists primarily of sedimentary layers of loose sand, and secondarily of clay silt and pebbly-sand layers. Above the Shimōsa Group are more recent rich, fertile layers of volcanic ash. The Shimōsa Plateau yields great deposits of fossils, notably molluscan fossils, as the plateau was originally submerged under water.</p><br>
<h3>Rivers and lakes</h3><br>
<p>The Shimōsa Plateau is crossed by several short, shallow rivers and two small lakes. The Kuriyama River (38.8 km) flows eastward from the central area of the plateau east of Narita International Airport to the Pacific Ocean. The shorter Kido River (21.5 km) similarly flows eastward and empties into the Pacific Ocean in the city of Sanmu.</p><br>
<p>Lake Teganuma originally occupied a large area to the north of the plateau, but has narrowed in modern times due to being sealed off from the Tone River and land reclamation projects. Teganuma historically covered 10 km&sup2, but after land reclamation now covers 3.7 km&sup2;. Lake Inbanuma was created by the natural damming of a small valley in the Shimōsa Plateau, and originally covered 21.3 km&sup2;. After land reclamation projects, similar to those carried out on Teganuma, it now covers 13.1 km&sup2;.</p><br>
<h3>Parks</h3><br>
<p>Suigo-Tsukuba Quasi-National Park sits to the northeast of the Shimōsa Plateau in Chiba and Ibaraki prefectures. The park was established on March 3, 1953 and protects natural areas and cultural heritage of, among other areas, the Tone River basin directly to the north of the plateau. Imba-Teganuma Prefectural Natural Park was established to protect Lakes Teganuma and Inbanuma, and is located at the north of the plateau.</p><br>
<h2>Economy</h2><br>
<h3>Early history</h3><br>
<p>The Shimōsa Plateau has supported a population since ancient times, as evidenced by the large concentration of Jomon period kaizuka or shell middens across the plateau. The plateau was historically located in Shimōsa Province, after which it was named, and was a productive agricultural area prior to the industrialization of Japan. The area served to produce rice and vegetables as early as the Nara period. Ranches on the Shimōsa Plateau flatlands were developed to raise horses. Additionally, the network of rivers and canals provided for the inland transport of marine products from the Pacific Ocean to Edo. During the Edo period the Shimōsa Plateau saw large-scale development of new rice paddies by the Tokugawa shogunate, as well as the further development of horse ranches, specifically the Kogane and Sakura ranches to supply horses to the shogunate. The inland water routes from Chōshi were developed to supply rice, marine products, and vegetables directly to the capital at Edo.</p><br>
<h3>Modern period</h3><br>
<p>The economic development of the Shimōsa Plateau continued after the Meiji restoration of 1868. An extensive rail network was established and replaced the slower canal routes to the capital. Some of undeveloped areas in this plateau, including former ranches of shogunate, turned into military facility of Imperial Japanese Army (Narashinohara), imperial farm (Sanrizuka, Narita), or agricultural colonies, the aid for unemployed Shizoku. Those colonies named after development order, such as:</p><br>
<p>Hatsutomi (初富, Kamagaya)</p><br>
<p>Futawa (二和, Funabashi)</p><br>
<p>Misaki (三咲, Funabashi)</p><br>
<p>Toyoshiki (豊四季, Kashiwa)</p><br>
<p>Gokō (五香, Matsudo)</p><br>
<p>Mutsumi (六実, Matsudo)</p><br>
<p>Nanae (七栄, Tomisato)</p><br>
<p>Yachimata (八街, Yachimata)</p><br>
<p>Kumiage (九美上, Katori)</p><br>
<p>Tokura (十倉, Tomisato)</p><br>
<p>Toyoichi (十余一, Shiroi)</p><br>
<p>Toyofuta (十余二, Kashiwa)</p><br>
<p>Toyomi (十余三, Narita, Tako)</p><br>
<p>During the militarization of northern Chiba Prefecture that began in the early 20th century, the eastern area of the plateau was declared a military zone. The Shimōsa Plateau was a center of the manufacture of war goods, notably of munitions and military aircraft, and saw the construction of numerous military facilities. Shimofusa Air Base was constructed in 1945 by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force on the border of Kashiwa and Kamagaya. Most of the military facilities and industrial areas on the Shimōsa Plateau were destroyed by Allied bombing during World War II.</p><br>
<h3>Post-World War II</h3><br>
<p>In the period immediately following World War II the plateau remained agricultural. Primary industry, almost entirely agriculture, accounted for 63% of economic activity, secondary accounted for 12%, and tertiary 25%. Post-war industrial planning resulted in large-scale development of coastal areas on the eastern Shimōsa Plateau along Tokyo Bay. Fishing and agricultural areas along the bay were replaced by landfill. The scenery of the eastern plateau went from largely agricultural to a vast area of factory smokestacks and high-rise housing. The development of sprawling port facilities, originally centered on the city of Chiba, culminated in the establishment of Keiyō Industrial Zone. Manufacturing facilities were developed across the central Shimōsa Plateau in the same period.</p><br>
<p>Immediately after World War II, the transportation system of northern Chiba Prefecture was significantly improved. The rail network connecting northern Chiba Prefecture to Tokyo was expanded, allowing the construction of large-scale housing facilities, and northern Chiba Prefecture became a bedroom community of metropolitan Tokyo. The construction of Narita International Airport between 1972 and 1978 resulted in further economic development and population increase on the central Shimōsa Plateau.</p><br>
<p>In contrast to the large-scale economic development of the western and central Shimōsa Plateau, other parts of Chiba Prefecture saw relatively little economic development and ultimately long-term population decline, notably on the eastern Shimōsa Plateau, the Kujūkuri Plain, and entirety of the southern Bōsō Peninsula.</p><br>
<h2>Economy</h2><br>
<p>The Shimōsa Plateau remains an important economic center of Japan. Compared to the post-war period, the distribution of economic activity on the plateau has changed. Primary industry accounts for only 5% of economic activity, secondary accounted for 27%, and tertiary 68%. Tertiary industry on the plateau consists of both the service industry serving the densely populated areas of northern Chiba Prefecture, as well as the extensive logistics network connecting the Keiyō Industrial Zone and Narita International Airport with other areas of Japan. While agriculture accounts for a small part of the overall economy on the Shimōsa Plateau, the northern and eastern area of the plateau is a large producer of vegetables for the Tokyo Metropolitan Region. The flat, eastern part of the Shimōsa Plateau continues to support rice production.</p><br>
<p>Isla Tres Perros is a Panamanian island with an area of 22,745 m&sup2; located near the channel of the Panama Canal in the southwest region of the Gatun Lake. The Island was created when the waters of the Chagres River were dammed by the Gatun Dam to create the Gatun lake. When the waters rose, they covered a significant part of the existing rainforest, and the hilltops became the islands that are now scattered throughout the lake.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Isla Tres Perros was known locally by other names prior to 1989; since it didn’t officially have a name, residents of other islands all referred to it differently. It wasn’t until 1989 that the island received its current name, which most locals know it by, Isla Tres Perros, Island of the Three Dogs. The island took on this name when three key military officers from the failed 1989 coup took refuge to avoid the military, CPT Jorge Bonilla Arboleda, CPT Juan Jose Arza Aguilera and CPT Jesús Balma.</p><br>
<p>The three military officers, all graduates of the School of the Americas, supported Major Giraldi’s coup attempt, to overthrow Noriega, but when the coup fell apart and conspirators were rounded up and summarily executed, the three young officers went on the run and found themselves held out on Isla Tres Perros, when their boat ran out of gas. Due to the survival skills they had earned through Special Forces and Infantry training, they were able to survive on the small island for three weeks before the Panamanian military finally hunted them down and executed them for treason.</p><br>
<p>Once the story of the three “fugitive” military officers became public, people began to call it Isla Tres Perros, or Island of the Three Dogs. The story was spurred on by a pro Noriega reporter at La Prensa newspaper.</p><br>
<h2>Notables</h2><br>
<p>The journalist Escolastico Calvo has been known to live on the island briefly before the United States invasion of Panama to avoid persecution because of his pro Noriega support and printing Noriega propaganda in the Panamanian newspaper La Hora. When Calvo arrived, there was one family living on the island. He found his way to the island from the fishing town of Arensoa, which is about 500m from the island. From first hand accounts of the family, they stated that he was living on the island for sometime, but the exact length could never be determined as he had bribed them to stay quiet and to prevent his discovery. During his time on the island he had contracted Typhoid and fell ill and became very weak. He was treated by the locals and then finally discovered by the US government Special Forces during the Invasion of Panama.</p><br>
<p>The movie The Lost Tribe (2010) was partially filmed on the Island, as well as the made-for-television movie Noriega: God&#39;s Favorite (2000).</p><br>
<p>Little Falls City Hall is a historic city hall located at Little Falls in Herkimer County, New York. It was built between 1916 and 1918, and is a 2 1/2-story, steel frame building faced in brick and terra cotta in the Classical Revival style. It has a slate covered mansard roof with decorative copper and dormers and sits on a concrete foundation. Atop the roof is a large lantern structure with a tiled dome roof and arched windows paneled with colored art glass. The main section of the building is seven bays wide and two bays deep. The front facade features a monumental, three-bay, projecting center entrance pavilion with four fluted pilasters.</p><br>
<p>It was designed by William Neil Smith of New York City, who designed many buildings in upstate New York, including the local masonic temple in 1914. Carl Haug & Sons, local architects, were originally hired to design the building, but were reduced to supervising architects for Smith. The builders were Hallinan & Snyder of Little Falls and G. B. Willis & Company of New York.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<p>The Bonfoy–Barstow House is a historic house located at 485 East Main Street in West Winfield, Herkimer County, New York.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>It was built in 1888, and consists of a square front block with rear addition. They are of frame construction with gable roofs. The front block is 2 1/2-stories, two bays by two bays. The rear addition was originally a two-story, two-bay-wide block with a one-story shed roofed wing. That shed roofed wing was expanded to two-stories in the 1940s. Also on the property is a contributing carriage house. It is an example of late-19th century, middle class vernacular architecture.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 24, 2011.</p><br>
<p>Little Falls Historic District is a national historic district located at Little Falls in Herkimer County, New York. The district includes 347 contributing buildings in Little Falls. The buildings date from the mid-19th to the early-20th century. There are a number of Italianate-style commercial buildings and notable residences in popular 19th-century architectural styles including Federal, Greek Revival, Italianate, Second Empire, Queen Anne, and Colonial Revival. Notable non-residential buildings include the Masonic Temple , East Park Elementary School, Public Library, and St. Mary&#39;s Catholic Church Complex. The separately listed James Sanders House is located in the district.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<p>La Pointe des Châteaux  is a peninsula that extends into the Atlantic Ocean from the Eastern coast of the island of Grande-Terre, in Guadeloupe. Located 11 km East from Saint-François , it overlooks the island of La Désirade , eructing only 8 km away into the Atlantic.</p><br>
<p>Made of distinctive rock formations and a large littoral strip, La Pointe des Châteaux hosts rare fauna and flora species, some of which being indigenous to the site.</p><br>
<p>A dramatic place of crashing waves and strong winds, La Pointe des Châteaux stands as a popular tourist destination, attracting an average of 500,000 visitors every year.</p><br>
<h2>La Plage des Grandes Salines</h2><br>
<p>Northwest to the Pointe des Châteauxs clifftop, lies the long but dangerous beach of les Grandes Salines: a popular spot for kite flying, thanks to its strong and steady trade winds. Sea conditions off the beach tending to be rough most of the time and the bottom dropping away relatively quickly, Grandes Salines&#39; is not suited for relaxed swimming, but remains sought-after for more extreme water sports and bay watchers.</p><br>
<h2>Photo gallery</h2><br>
<p>The Brauntex Theatre is a former movie palace  located in downtown New Braunfels in the USA state of Texas. It was built in the late Art Deco period in 1942. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Brauntex Theatre first opened in downtown New Braunfels in January 1942. Pearl Harbor had just been attacked, and the United States was at war. Patrons needed a place where they could attempt to ease their worry of loved ones in the war and catch up on the status of the war. It premiered with "The Birth of the Blues", starring Bing Crosby. At the time there were many other operational theaters in the city, but when the state-of-the-art Brauntex Theatre opened, it was the best. A major fire in one of the other downtown theaters, the Palace, either just before or just after the Brauntex opened, made the new theater an even more welcome addition to the city. The Griffith Company owned the theater. Its design was copied from an earlier Griffith theater in New Cordell, Oklahoma, the Washita Theater. The old theater was an important part of downtown New Braunfels for fifty years. Many members of the staff recalls many highlights of the early movie operations such as the time that Pedro Gonzalez appeared while filming the John Wayne classic, The Alamo. The theater was integrated during the 1960s. After integration patrons could sit anywhere in the theater; 40 cents upstairs or 50 cents downstairs.</p><br>
<h3>Renovation</h3><br>
<p>Slowly over time this once grand establishment with smartly dressed ushers and a bright neon sign became a ghost of years past. Through the dust one could still see the gilded fittings of the Brauntex, but the seats were broken and the theater reeked of cigarette smoke. In September 1998 a local group of city and county officials, artists, engineers, an attorney, a performing arts technician, bank officials and many other concerned citizens, came together to try to save this once great theater. This plan soon grew and the whole city was eager to save this beauty. This group of 36 diverse participants had meetings, brainstorming the needs of the building as well as its potential uses. Out of this the committee decided to mold this run-down movie palace into a full-scale theater which was to be run by the Brauntex Performing Arts Theatre Association.</p><br>
<p>The plan had to be set aside due to the October 1998 Central Texas floods. When the city of New Braunfels had recovered, the plan to renovate the Brauntex was put back into place. In July 1999 corporate non-profit status was acquired, the Association elected officers and directors and contracted a management consultment and a grant writer. On August 31, 1999 the earnest money contract was signed and on December 10, 1999 the Association became proud owners of the dilapidated gem, the Brauntex Theatre.</p><br>
<p>Almost immediately after the Association acquired the property, renovation begun. Plans were drawn, ideas were submitted, and money was raised to give this structure a much needed face-lift. One of the first tasks the Association had was expanding the tiny movie theater stage, into a large performing arts stage. The other major structural change was to restore the balcony to its former glory, as the previous owner had closed it off to create a second theater.</p><br>
<p>The renovation crew included many different local groups who volunteered to overhaul the theatre, including the USMC Junior ROTC from New Braunfels High School. a group of women, who dubbed themselves as the Brauntex Sweatshop, had to sew 600 seat covers alone. The renovation was completed quickly and the grand reopening of the Brauntex Theatre had the San Antonio Symphony grace their stage. The opening night was sold out and was a huge and grand success for this once great movie palace.</p><br>
<p>The A. H. Maegly House is a house located in southwest Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located in the upscale Arlington Heights neighborhood. Built for Aaron H. Maegly , a wealthy Portland broker, the distinctive house was completed in 1915. It was designed by Portland architect John Virginius Bennes, in the Prairie School style, an architectural style that is rare in Oregon.</p><br>
<p>The house is constructed of reinforced concrete, covered by stucco, and has a red tile roof. Among the features of the Maegly House that are often included in Prairie School-style dwellings are decorative corner brackets and ornamental friezes, above and below the second-floor windows. One narrow frieze positioned just below the eaves encircles the entire house except where interrupted at the corners by the decorative brackets. The interior is noteworthy for its use of high-quality Honduran mahogany. Every room in the house has multiple windows, and every ground-floor room opens to a porch or terrace. Downtown Portland and Mount Hood can be seen from the living room, dining room and kitchen. The home is surrounded by a garden notable for its collection of Japanese maples, planted by Aaron Maegly&#39;s wife. A circular brick driveway leads to a porte-cochère.</p><br>
<p>Alice Eaves Scenic Reserve, known colloquially as "Eaves Bush", is 16ha forest located at the northern end of Orewa. It is named after Mrs Alice Caroline Eaves , whose family bequeathed the land to the nation in 1960.</p><br>
<h2>Historical Background</h2><br>
<p>The area was previously a defensive Pa, built by Te Kawerau sub-tribes, occupied until as recently as 1827. Ngāti Pāoa ceded the land to the Crown on 5 January 1854, which was subsequently granted to an Austrian, Captain Martin Krippner, in 1860.</p><br>
<p>In the 1870s, Major de Grut took over the land until it was sold to the Eaves family in 1919.</p><br>
<h2>Features</h2><br>
<p>A series of pedestrian walkways have been constructed through the reserve, as well as a wooden look out point over Orewa Beach that was built in 1997.</p><br>
<p>The reserve includes kauri trees as old as 300 years. In addition, the bush contains native trees such as Tōtara, Mataī, Kahikatea, Puriri, Rātā, Karaka, Rimu, Rewarewa, Nikau and Taraire. A number of these trees can be identified by labels along the walkway.</p><br>
<p>Several small streams feed the Nukumea Stream, which marks the reserve&#39;s southern boundary.</p><br>
<p>The Timpanogos Cave Historic District consists of support and administration buildings built in the 1920s and 1930s in Timpanogos Cave National Monument, Utah, USA. These structures are notable examples of the National Park Service Rustic style, designed to fit with their environment. The earliest trails and structures were built by Errol M. Halliday while the location was still under the administration of the USA Forest Service. The Old Cave Trail was built in 1921-22. The stone storage building was built in the 1920s, together with a frame custodian&#39;s residence that no longer exists. A stone confort station  was built in 1928.</p><br>
<p>The National Park Service took over the site in 1933. Park facilities were expanded using labor provided by the Works Progress Administration, with another comfort station (Building 127) in 1939. The American Fork River was diverted and a new bridge was built in the 1930s. The Superintendent&#39;s Residence was completed in 1941.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The structures are scatted on a steep landscape. The most significant building is the superintendent&#39;s residence, of rubble stone construction with a log-framed roof, covered with green shingles.The bridge is a single span built in 1935, using rubble stone. The 1935 Comfort Station restroom (presently named Last Chance restroom) is built on a ledge on the mountainside, and has a nearly flat concrete roof faced with stone. The 1928 comfort station is larger and built with a shingled roof. It is no longer used as a restroom. The rubble storage building is covered with a flat concrete roof. There are also two cold cellars on the site, both built about 1930. The trail climbs the cliffs for between one and 1.5 mi, its vertical climb of 1,065 ft supported by stone retaining walls.</p><br>
<p>The Timpanogos Cave Historic District was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 13, 1982.</p><br>
<p>Teysachaux  is a mountain of the Swiss Prealps, overlooking Les Paccots in the canton of Fribourg.</p><br>
<h2>Toponymy</h2><br>
<p>In patois, Teysachaux is the contraction of taiza ("spread") and chaux ("meadow").</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Teysachaux lies at the south end of the Moléson ridge, west of the Sarine river valley. Nearby summits include Niremont on the west side and Dent de Lys on the south side.</p><br>
<p>Several chalets (some of them have been converted into small restaurants) can be found on Teysachaux&#39;s slopes. They have been built during the 18th and 19th century, showing the evidence of a progressive expansion of farming (mainly milk and cheese) towards higher meadows.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1870, on the foothills of the west side of Teysachaux, a 2-meters long fossilised ichthyosaurus has been discovered. It dates from the Jurassic period (175 to 183 million years), when dinosaurs walked the Earth. This fossil is now part of the permanent exhibition at the Museum of Natural History of Fribourg</p><br>
<p>The Devil&#39;s Gate-Weber Hydroelectric Power Plant was built in 1909-1910 on the Weber River of northeastern Utah, USA, about 10 mi southeast of Ogden, Utah. It was built by the Utah Light and Railway Company under the direction of E.H. Harriman, a director of the Union Pacific Railroad. It was one of the first powerplants in Utah designed to feed an electrical grid rather than as a source of power of a single locality.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Work had begun on an intake structure in Weber Canyon in the early 1900s at the Devils Gate location under the direction of C.K. Bannister, an engineer from Ogden. Bannisters plan for a hydroelectric station was contested by the Union Pacific, whose line ran through the canyon. Bannister died shortly after, and his business associates sold the property rights to the Utah Light and Railway Company. Work continued on a penstock to feed the power plant until Harriman acquired sixty percent of the UL&R. With Harrimans ownership Union Pacific opposition to the plant ceased, on the condition that a retaining wall be built to protect the railroad grade. The powerhouse was built in 1909-1910, along with three residences for plant operators. Harriman died in 1914 and the UL&P became the locally owned Utah Light and Traction Company, which leased the station to the Utah Power and Light Company. The dam was rebuilt in 1916-1917 to better accommodate flood flows. Another operators residence was built in 1922, together with some utility structures in ensuing years. The plant was upgraded from 2.5 MW to 3.5MW in 1948. Automation allowed a reduction in staff in the 1960s, and two of the residences were demolished. The remaining two were damaged by flood in 1982. A fire in 1983 resulted in renovations and alterations to the powerhouse.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Water is fed to the powerplant from a low dam about 1.75 mi upstream. Overflow is controlled by two tainter gates between concrete piers. A 3 ft wide fish ladder climbs the north side of the dam. On the south side a large sluice gate allows the small reservoir to be drained. The intake structure is between the sluice gate and the south buttress wall, housed in a small wood frame intake house.A one-story wood-frame watchman&#39;s house is just downstream from the intake house, and is joined to the intake house. The power plant intake conduit is a 74 in diameter reinforced concrete pipe for the first 125 ft, transitioning to a welded steel pipe. This replaced 2,000 ft of concrete pipe and 7,075 ft of wood stave pipe in 1949. The conduit is buried along most of its length. It crosses the river on a 99 ft-span riveted steel Howe truss bridge made by the American Bridge Company downstream from the dam. Total head is about 120 ft to 140 ft. Since the conduit has been altered and is partly buried under the rail line it is not included in the historic district designation.</p><br>
<p>The powerhouse is a rectangular brick building with a gabled concrete roof supported by riveted steel Fink trusses. The end walls are five bays wide with stepped parapets at the gables. Original window openings have been bricked in. Side elevations are three bays wide, also with infilled window openings. The structure sits on a concrete foundation that incorporates outflow works. The main room in the powerhouse accommodates a Pelton wheel turbine and a 2300 volt generator made by Western Electric, together with a small 125VDC exciter generator. The main generator was rewound during upgrade work in the 1940s. The turbine room is served by a 20-ton traveling crane made by the Whiting Foundry Equipment Company. Three other rooms house batteries, a workshop, and a third room formerly housed switchgear.</p><br>
<p>The operator&#39;s camp once had four houses. Two remain, a one-story brick house and a 1922 wood cottage. Both houses retain landscaping and garden areas with outdoor fireplaces. There are several outbuildings associated with the property. The Davis and Weber Canal Company maintains a diversion dam just downstream from the powerhouse that is not part of the historic district.</p><br>
<p>The powerhouse and associated structures were placed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 20, 1989. It is visible from Interstate 84 in Weber Canyon, between the lanes of the highway, whose westbound lanes pass just to the north.</p><br>
<p>The Thomas M. O&#39;Connor House on S. Bridge in Victoria, Texas, United States was built in 1885. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The listing included two contributing buildings.</p><br>
<p>It was built with Italianate style and was remodelled in Classical Revival in the early 20th century. It has a two-story pedimented portico with paired two-story columns on masonry piers.</p><br>
<p>The house was home of Thomas M. OConnor, a banker who accumulated ranch holdings of over 500,000 acre in years following the American Civil War. In 1983 the house still belonged to the prominent OConnor family.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the NRHP as part of a study which listed numerous historic resources in the Victoria area.</p><br>
<p>The Biesterfeldt Site  is an archaeological site near Lisbon, North Dakota, United States, located along the Sheyenne River. The site is the only documented earth lodge in the watershed of the Red River, and the only one that has been unambiguously affiliated with the Cheyenne tribe, who are believed to have occupied it c. 1724-1780). In 1980, the site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places because of its archaeological significance.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Biesterfeldt Site, named for its 1930s landowner, is located southeast of Lisbon, on a terrace overlooking a former channel of the Sheyenne River. The main area of the site is a rough oval bounded on three sides by a fortification trench enclosing a total area of 4.5 acre. It is known through archaeological test surveys that cultural artifacts extend outside the trench, but the extent of these has not been fully bounded. The northern portion of the enclosure shows visible evidence of scattered lodge pits, while the area to the south, more intensively farmed in later historic times, has less visible signs of occupation.</p><br>
<p>The site was used as farmland for most of the 20th century, primarily as pastureland after about 1950. The property was acquired by the Archaeological Conservancy in 2004 for permanent preservation. Its first mention in the historical record appears to be by a French fur trader, who recorded mention of a Cheyenne village on the Sheyenne River that was wiped out in a battle with the Ojibwe around 1798. The first documented visit to the site was by a United States Army captain, who described it in 1868, including elements of its history from surrounding Native Americans, who claimed the Cheyenne were driven out by the Dakota. The first archaeologist to describe the site was the pioneering archaeologist Theodore H. Lewis, in 1890. The first formal excavations took place in 1938, under the auspices of William Duncan Strong. He recovered a wide variety of artifacts, from glass beads to metal weapons, and noted that many of the lodge pits showed evidence of destruction by fire. The site continues to be periodically investigated.</p><br>
<p>St. Wenceslaus Parish is a Catholic parish of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sioux Falls in Tabor, South Dakota in the Midwestern United States. Its historic red brick church, built in 1898, was listed as St. Wenceslaus Catholic Church and Parish House on the National Register of Historic Places on December 13, 1984, as part of a "Thematic Nomination of Czech Folk Architecture of Southeastern South Dakota".</p><br>
<p>Czech immgirants from Bohemia started arriving in the area, then part of the Dakota Territory, in 1868, and church services were being held by 1871. The first church, of chalk rock, built with donated labor, was completed in 1874. This structure, quickly outgrown, was replaced with the current red brick church in 1898, with the parish house in the similar style built in 1910. A brick schoolhouse and dormitory was built in 1903–4. The school moved to a new campus in 1960, but was closed in 1970; the facility is now leased to the Bon Homme School District.</p><br>
<p>The Château d&#39;Augerville is a historic château, situated in the commune of Augerville-la-Rivière, Loiret, France. It is a monument historique, a national heritage site of France.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Early</h3><br>
<p>The site is first mentioned during the twelfth century as Augerville, then a hamlet, in a charter from 1119. From 1207 onwards, Augerville was a stronghold for Philip Augerville and his son Louis. There they built a château fort flanked by a pigeonnier. Louis Augerville died in 1248 without an heir, so the estate went to brothers Pierre and Dreux de Beaumont.</p><br>
<p>During the Hundred Years War, the son of Pierre de Beaumont, Jean de Beaumont, sided with the English. He was sentenced to death by the provost of Paris and was executed on September 6, 1367. His property was confiscated, but later returned to his widow, Jeanne de Courtenay. She died without any children, so a nearby branch of the family took Augerville in 1403, in the person of another Jean de Beaumont. At his death, his brother Pierre de Beaumont inherited the castle, but had to flee an English occupation. His lands were redistributed by the occupying English to French supporters of Henry VI of England.</p><br>
<p>The château fort was a ruin by the time it was purchased by Jacques Cœur, a merchant and major financier of King Charles VII, in 1452. Cœur had little time to enjoy the property, as he was put on trial for royal embezzlement and sentenced to exile, where he died in 1456. All of his property was confiscated by the crown.</p><br>
<p>Catherine de&#39; Medici and her son, King Charles IX, stayed at the château in September 1562. An asset inventory of the fiefdom of Augerville-la-Rivière, dated June 30, 1582, noted that the château fort was surrounded by walls and a moat, fed by the Essonne River. It had a garden, a courtyard, a barn, a theatre, and a pigeonnier.</p><br>
<p>After another period of abandonment, the château was sold for taxes on October 22, 1637. It went through another owner, who began to restore it as a country house in 1644, but found it to be too large a task. It was bought in 1644 by Jean Perrault-de-Montevrault, who had the facades of the château and apartments restored and added two detached wings, a new pigeonnier, a new barn, and created a forecourt surrounded by estate buildings.</p><br>
<h3>Later</h3><br>
<p>The château was auctioned off in 1825. At that time it was described as being having forty-six rooms on three floors, with the south facade overlooking the park and including thirty-four windows and three doors. The northern facade at the time was noted to have thirty windows overlooking the main courtyard. The estate was purchased by Antoine Pierre Berryer, advocate and counselor to the French parliament. He spent much of his time restoring and expanding the property. His notable guests at the estate included François-René de Chateaubriand, Alexandre Dumas, fils, Franz Liszt, Gioachino Rossini, Alfred de Musset, and Eugène Delacroix. Following the death of Berryer in 1868, the estate went to his sister. She continued to make improvements. With her death, the property again passed to an absentee owner and was largely neglected. It was bought by Count Pange in 1912. He restored facades, the gardens, and lands before reselling to industrialist Felix Mouton in 1919.</p><br>
<p>In the summer of 1926 the estate was purchased by American socialite Alva Belmont, formerly Mrs. William Kissam Vanderbilt, who restored it as her primary residence. It had been one of several inspirations for her châteauesque-style Petit Château in Manhattan. Her daughter, Consuelo Vanderbilt, wrote that she thought that Jacques Cœur&#39;s reported ownership had partially inspired her mother to buy the estate. Belmont did much restoration and renovation during her ownership. She had the river flowing through the estate widened because she said, as Consuelo later wrote, "This river is not wide enough." She brought in paving stones from Versailles to cover the previously sand-paved great forecourt between the house and the village. She had a massive neo-Gothic portal gate erected on the northern entrance road, separating the château and village from the surrounding farmland. Changes inside the château included replacement of the wrought iron staircases and moving the kitchens to the basement. She also added a bowling alley in one of the buildings on the estate, one of the first in France. After her death in 1933, the chateau was left to Consuelo, who sold it to a Swiss company in the winter of 1937.</p><br>
<p>From 1986 to 1989, the château and 272 acre estate were resold twice. It is now a luxury hotel, complete with a golf course. The course, established in 1995, has 18 holes and was designed by Olivier Dongradi.</p><br>
<p>Eidsfjorden is a fjord in the municipalities of Bø, Hadsel, and Sortland in Nordland county, Norway. The 25 km long fjord cuts into the island of Langøya in the Vesterålen archipelago. It branches off of the main Vesterålsfjorden. The innermost part of the fjord is part of Sortland . The west coast of the outer part belongs to municipality of Bø and the eastern coast of the outer part of the fjord belongs to Hadsel.</p><br>
<p>Several small fjords branch north from the fjord: Jørnfjord, Hellfjord, Melfjord, Olderfjord, and Bjørndalsfjord.</p><br>
<p>There are two churches located along the fjord: Indre Eidsfjord Church and Ytre Eidsfjord Church (meaning "inner" and "outer" Eidsfjord churches). Norwegian County Road 820 runs along the inner shore of the fjord.</p><br>
<p>The Lange Hotel is a historic commercial building and former hotel in the village of West Alexandria, Ohio, United States. One of the area&#39;s leading early farmhouses, it is the latest in a series of hotels on the same spot, and it has been designated a historic site.</p><br>
<p>The portion of Preble County around West Alexandria was first settled between 1800 and 1810, and the village itself was platted in 1818 and incorporated eighteen years later. Just two years after the village was laid out, local resident Valentine Mikesell was granted a hoteliers license for the property where the Lange Hotel stands. Its location was fortuitous for a hotel: the Lange sits at the villages central intersection, along the old road to Dayton to the east. As the years passed, West Alexandria prospered; sawmills and gristmills were established within its limits, and before long it was a commercial center for the surrounding agricultural countryside. A larger lodging facility, the Eagle Hotel, occupied the present site by the 1880s, but it was demolished for the construction of the present building in 1887.</p><br>
<p>West Alexandrias hilltop site near Twin Creek and its location along a major road made it the junction of multiple important transportation arteries. By the 1880s, a new hotel was needed, and the result was the present frame two-and-a-half-story building with Italianate elements, built on a foundation of limestone. Despite the new construction, there was soon a lack of space, so a two-story wing was constructed on the western side of the original building in 1904. Today, the hotel remains on a busy street — Dayton Street is now USA Route 35 — but by the early 1990s, it had ceased to be a hotel and was vacant. Nevertheless, it retained its structural integrity; in January 1991, the hotel was declared historically significant enough and sufficiently well preserved to warrant addition to the National Register of Historic Places, a designation that it officially received on 25 January. Essential to its status as a historic site was its rôle in the communitys history as a transportation center.</p><br>
<p>Don Juan Bandini built his single story, thatched roof adobe between 1827-1829 on Old Town, San Diego plaza&#39;s southeast corner. The original structure had seven rooms, an entrance-way, and enclosed courtyard, a corral, and several sheds. The Casa de Juan Bandini had features of Spanish Colonial architecture usually found only in California missions. During the 1840s, he added several enhancements such as pane-glass windows, a brick-lined patio with well, and a small, bathhouse to entice his daughters to visit his wife Refugio and him more frequently.</p><br>
<h2>The Cosmopolitan Hotel and Stage Stop</h2><br>
<p>In 1869, ten years after Bandini&#39;s death the property passed to Albert Seeley. Seeley a stage master, converted the old adobe into an L-shapped Greek Revival hotel. He renovated the original first story, and added a wood framed second story and balconies. Albert Seeley sold his hotel in 1888. In the decade that followed the hotel was used as a rooming house, and converted for use as an Olive packing factory.</p><br>
<h2>"The Miramar"</h2><br>
<p>In 1928 Don Juan Bandini&#39;s Grandson, Cave J. Couts Jr., bought the property in order to restore it as a memorial to his mother Ysidora Bandini de Couts. Couts remodeled the residence in Steamboat Revival architecture style. By 1930 the building was wired for electricity, and gas. Cave J. Couts Jr. Ranames the building as, "The Miramar," hotel and restaurant.</p><br>
<h2>The Miramar is sold to the State of California</h2><br>
<p>in 1945 James H. and Nora Cardwell purchased the Bandini property. During the 1950s their son Frank renovated the building into an upscale tourist motel. The Cardwells eventually sold the property to the state of California in 1968, the same year Old Town became a state historic park. The State of California and concessionaire Chef and restaurant owner Joseph Melluso came to an operating agreement. Under agreement the Hotel would receive necessary historical excavation, and restoration to the time period of The Cosmopolitan Hotel.union tribune "Casa de Bandini still under fire repair"Jim Okerblom Staff Writer</p><br>
<p>Publish Date: April 22, 1989</p><br>
<h2>The Cosmopolitan Hotel</h2><br>
<p>The Cosmopolitan reopened for business as a Hotel and Restaurant July 21, 2010. By August 2011 Owner Joseph Melluso had sold a majority of ownership over to Catherine Miller. In July 2013, the Cosmo was taken over by Old Town Family Hospitality Corp. Owner and President Chuck Ross, who also operates two restaurants in Old Town San Diego State Historic Park – Casa de Reyes and Barra Barra Saloon.</p><br>
<h2>The Cosmopolitan and the paranormal</h2><br>
<p>The Cosmopolitan Hotel was featured on Episode 56 of Ghost Adventures which aired October 7, 2011 San Diego based Daniel Scott has also been involved with paranormal investigations at The Cosmopolitan Hotel.</p><br>
<h2>Residents</h2><br>
<p>Painter Anni von Westrum Baldaugh lived at the Casa de Bandini for many years.</p><br>
<p>Lille Ekkerøy  is an island in Vadsø Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The 0.34 km&sup2; island lies in the Varangerfjorden, about 2 km off the coast of the mainland Varanger Peninsula. It is located about 2 km southeast of the village of Krampenes and about 5 km northeast of the village of Ekkerøy. The town of Vadsø is located about 20 km to the west of the island.</p><br>
<h2>World War II</h2><br>
<p>The lighthouse on the island was a cause of concern to Soviet forces in World War II and, at one stage, the keeper was captured and taken away for questioning by a landing party of Soviet marines.</p><br>
<h2>Polar bear</h2><br>
<p>In 1953, a polar bear was shot on the island. The bear was found by the brothers Aksel Jacobsen Bogdanoff (1922–1971) and Ingvald Bogdanoff (1920–1995) when they were out inspecting their salmon nets in the area. It was believed that the bear had come on an ice-floe from Svalbard.</p><br>
<p>This is the last time that a polar bear was seen anywhere in Finnmark county.</p><br>
<h2>Population</h2><br>
<p>Although the island is now uninhabited, this was not always the case. In 1567, when there were only eight families in the town of Vadsø and five families in Store Ekkerøy, there were eight families on Lille Ekkerøy.</p><br>
<p>The eleven children of Signe Bogdanoff (née Dahl, from Tromsø) and Jacob Wilhelm Bogdanoff (which included the brothers Aksel Jacobsen Bogdanoff and Ingvald Bogdanoff mentioned above) were the last generation who lived on Lille Ekkerøy. They were evacuated during World War II, moving to Krampenes, but returned and lived there until about 1953, when they moved back to Krampenes.</p><br>
<p>Carwynnen Quoit is a dolmen belonging to the Neolithic period, at Carwynnen near Camborne in west Cornwall. It is also known as The Giants Quoit, The Giants Frying Pan, Pendarvis Quoit and Pendarves Quoit. It collapsed in 1966 and was re-erected in 2014.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Carwynnen Quoit is one of an ancient and rare group of monuments, and can be found at Carwynnen in Cornwall. It is a portal dolmen belonging to the Neolithic period, possibly 5000 years old, one of the few Cornish portal dolmens to be found outside the Penwith peninsula. It is situated on a gentle west-facing slope between two small tributaries to the Red River. The dolmen stands to a height of 1.5m with a capstone measuring approximately 3.3m long by 2.5m wide and 0.3m thick, and weighs approximately 10 tons.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The site was first recorded by the Welsh antiquarian Edward Lhuyd around 1700 and a symbol of the cromlech appeared on Martyn’s 1748 map of Cornwall. These are early references to ancient sites. The first plan and elevation was by Cornish antiquarian William Borlase in 1769. In 1840 the field was recorded as the Frying Pan Field on the Tithe Apportionment Schedule. In 1891 it was recorded that "curious marks" had been noticed some years previously, "on a stone under a thorn tree, on the site of what seems to be a walled barrow, about 100 yards north of Carwynnen Quoit." The OS found no trace of the supposed walled barrow or interesting stonework in this area in 1971.</p><br>
<p>The dolmen collapsed in the 19th century, but was rebuilt by Lady Pendarves. It collapsed again in 1966. For the next forty-eight years the structure lay on the ground with two of the supports lying on top of the capstone with the third lying beneath. The five acre site was purchased by in 2009. Together with the Cornwall Heritage Trust they employed professional archaeologists to help research the site prior to its reconstruction.</p><br>
<p>In September 2012 an archaeological dig took place after a preliminary investigation in July 2012. Troon Primary School in September 2012 was the first School to be involved in a pilot archaeological week based on an education pack drawn up in 2009. During this time there was also an Open Day for the community at large to learn about the monument and archeology. Findings from the dig were on display for all to see and the event was televised. A website called the was created to showcase the finds, explain archaeological evidence and present the restoration process.</p><br>
<p>The first stones were re-erected in May 2014. Two support stones were replaced in their original Neolithic footings but the third stone had to be adjusted to create a more stable structure. The work was completed in June 2014 when the capstone was dropped into position by a large crane.</p><br>
<p>The Caixa de Rotllan  is a dolmen in Arles-sur-Tech, Pyrénées-Orientales, South of France, dating back to the Neolithic period, during the second half of 3rd millennium BC.</p><br>
<p>A legend holds that Roland lived in Vallespir and that, after his death at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass, his horse Veillantif carried Rolands corpse back to Vallespir and buried him under this dolmen. Dolmens are actually tombs, but they were erected many centuries before the legendary knights adventures.</p><br>
<p>The Caixa de Rotllan is made of three upright stones making a H-shape, supporting a thick roofing stone and delimiting a rectangular, medium-sized chamber. The entrance faces South-East, as many other dolmens do in Pyrénées-Orientales. This building is listed as a Monument historique since 1889 but has never been excavated by archaeologists.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The Caixa de Rotllan is one of the 148 dolmens listed in the Pyrénées-Orientales department. Some of them have been destroyed or attested by old sources but lost and not yet found by modern scholars. They are all located in hilly or mountainous areas of the department, usually on a mountain pass, a ridge or a high ground.</p><br>
<p>As the others, this dolmen is situated on a ridge line. In the southern side of the Canigou, at 830 m above sea level, just beneath a granitic chaos in the historical and geographical region named Vallespir it stands on the edge between French communes Arles-sur-Tech and Montbolo.</p><br>
<p>Two ways lead to the dolmen from Arles town. A passable track along the Bonabosc river leads near it, but one must leave this track to have a 60 m walk to reach the dolmen. The GR 10 footpath also runs near the dolmen. This part of the GR 10 is an old busy track people used to tread to reach iron ore mines from Arles-sur-Tech. This way is an hour and a half&#39;s walk.</p><br>
<p>On 1:25000 map by Institut Géographique National, the Caixa de Rotllan is indicated by a star, as a curiosité (French word for "curiosity").</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Like most of dolmens in the Pyrénées-Orientales, the Caixa de Rotllan has a simple plan — that is, without corridor —, which relates it to other dolmens from chalcolithic and Bronze age, during the second half of the third millennium BC.</p><br>
<h2>Toponymy and Legend</h2><br>
<p>In Catalan language Caixa de Rotllan means « Roland&#39;s grave » and shows that the inhabitants of the region knew for long that the dolmen had been used as a grave. Some other very near places are named after Roland.</p><br>
<p>1,500 m north from the Caixa along the ridge line lies the Palet de Rotllan ("Roland&#39;s Puck"). It refers to an ancient game named Palet, in which players had to knock down a target (usually a stick) standing on the ground throwing a puck (or Palet) to it. According to a legend, Roland played this game, but used huge stones intstead of pucks and enjoyed aiming at castles of Vallespir as targets.</p><br>
<p>Further to the north, lies the abeurador del cavall de Rotllan ("the Watering trough of Rolands Horse") where the legedary knights horse Veillantif used to drink. The Cova den Rotllan ("Rolands cave") is another dolmen situated in Corsavy, a nearby commune where Roland used to rest.</p><br>
<p>According to The Song of Roland, Roland and his friends Oliver and Turpin died at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass and their corpses were brought to and buried in the Basilica of St. Romain, in Blaye, by Charlemagne. Another legend tells that Veillantif, Roland&#39;s horse, brought the corpse of his master to the Vallespir near the place where he used to play palet. A tomb was built there: it is the Caixa de Rotllan. Many places in this region are named after the pawprints left by Veillantif.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Caixa de Rotllan may have been erected during the Chalcolithic or the beginning of the Bronze Age, during the second half of the 3rd millennium BC.</p><br>
<p>During the Middle Ages it marked the boundary between Arles and Montbolo. The current boundary between these two communes runs very near the dolmen.</p><br>
<p>The first paper that mentioned this dolmen was an article written by Jean-Baptiste Renard de Saint-Malo in 1837 and entitled « Monument druidique (entre Arles et Batère) » (Druidic monument between Arles and Batere). But Renard de Saint-Malo made a confusion between the Caixa and another stone, the palet of Roland, very near. The first scientific description of the Caixa was made by Alexandre-Félix Ratheau in 1866, in « Note sur un monument celtique du département » (Note On A Celtic Monument Of The Département) published in the Bulletin de la Société agricole, scientifique et littéraire des Pyrénées-Orientales. At this time, people thought that dolmen have been built by the Celts. In his paper, Ratheau, a French engineer, author of several books on fortications, wrote the dolmens dimensions, its orientation relative to the North and a plan with three elevation cuts. Ratheau said that the palet was made of pieces of abandoned granit grindstones and clarified Companyos correction. Indeed, reading Companyos paper, people may have think that no Caixa de Rotllan dolmen existed. In 1887, an engraving, made from a photograph, of the dolmen was published in La création de lHomme et premiers âges, by Henri Raison du Cleuziou. In 1889, the Caixa de Rotllan was classified as a Monument historique.</p><br>
<h2>Footnotes</h2><br>
<p>The Beulah School on 2nd St., NW, in Beulah, North Dakota was built in 1920. It has also been known as Beulah High School and as Beulah Middle School. It includes elements of International Style and Prairie School architecture.</p><br>
<p>It is a work of Frederick W. Keith and Herman M. Leonhard, both architects of Bismarck.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1997. The listing included one contributing building and one other contributing site on 1.7 acre.</p><br>
<p>According to its NRHP nomination, the Beulah School is significant architecturally "as the only Prairie School style building in Beulah and for its International style architecture.... in the area of education as an important building associated with the growth and development of Beulah and the need to provide adequate educational opportunities for its residents. Lastly, the rip rapping and terracing present at the school site is... in the area of landscape architecture as an important Federal relief project for Beulah."</p><br>
<p>The Houston Jail is a historic jail building in Houston, Winston County, Alabama. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 5, 1975.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building is the only known surviving log jail in the state and the only public building surviving from the time that the county seat was located in Houston. It is believed by architectural historians to have been built circa 1868, when the now destroyed courthouse is known to have been constructed. Houston was made the seat in 1858, but the minutes from a grand jury meeting in 1867 reported the need to build a courthouse and a jail. The county seat was moved to Double Springs in 1884, resulting in Houston shrinking to the small unincorporated community that it is today.</p><br>
<p>It was converted into a residence for the poor in 1933, with the original split shake roof replaced with one of galvanized metal at this time. The roof has since been restored back to shake.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The jail is built of large squared logs joined by half notched corners. It measures 20 x with a front gabled roof. The interior is divided into two rooms with an interlocking log wall. A full raised foundation of fieldstone supports the structure. The interior of the cell features continuous boards, turned at right angles to the logs and secured in place with 2.5 in wooden nails to prevent prisoners from sawing their way out. Likewise, the ceiling is formed by closely spaced 10 x logs and the floor is plank over similarly spaced 10 x logs. The small square windows originally featured meshed iron bars. The original door was made of three solid layers of 1.5 in plank boards laid at angles to one another.</p><br>
<p>The Col de la Schlucht  is a mountain pass in the Vosges Mountains of France. The pass takes its name from the German word "Schlucht", meaning "gorge" or "ravine". It connects Munster  with Gérardmer   and is also crossed by the Route des Crêtes . The climb over the pass has been used several times in the Tour de France cycle race.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Between 1871 and 1918, the pass was a border crossing between Lorraine (France) and Alsace, which had been ceded to Germany under the Treaty of Frankfurt.</p><br>
<p>Prior to World war I, the pass could be accessed via two separate tramway lines, from Gérardmer (opened 1904) and Munster (opened 1907) respectively. Both lines were abandoned at the outbreak of the war; that from Munster was never re-opened, whereas the line from Gérardmer continued in service until 1940.</p><br>
<h2>Facilities</h2><br>
<p>From the pass, it is possible to access the Sentier des Roches, a footpath along the edge of the ridge to Hohneck. This is considered to be one of the most impressive (and dangerous) Alsatian mountain paths.</p><br>
<p>There is also a ski-lift up Montabey; from the top of the ski-lift, there is a summer luge run back down to the pass.</p><br>
<h2>Details of the climbs</h2><br>
<p>From the west, the climb starts at Le Kertoff, 4 km before Gérardmer. From here, the climb is 17.0 km long gaining 531 m in height at an average gradient of 3.1%. The steepest section is at 6.7%. This was the climb used in the 2009 Tour de France.</p><br>
<p>The climb from the east starts at Munster from where there are 18.0 km to the summit, gaining 759 m in height. The overall average gradient is 4.2%, which is maintained fairly steadily throughout the climb.</p><br>
<p>From La Bresse (south-west), the ascent via D34 is 16.2 km long climbing 494 m at an average gradient of 3.0%. This climb passes the Col des Feignes (954 m) en route, after which there are 2 km at between 7 and 8%.</p><br>
<p>From Fraize (north-west), the climb is 21.0 km at an average of 3.0%, gaining 652 m in height.</p><br>
<p>The summit can also be accessed via Route des Crêtes from the Col du Bonhomme (north) or the Col du Grand Ballon (south).</p><br>
<h2>Tour de France</h2><br>
<p>The climb over the pass was first used on stage 20 of the 1931 Tour de France, when the summit was crossed by a group of riders, although André Leducq was the first across the line after the descent into Colmar.</p><br>
<h3>Appearances in the Tour de France (since 1947)</h3><br>
<p>Since World War II, the col has been crossed eight times, either as a Category 2 or Category 3 climb.</p><br>
<p>The Alice Beck Cabin, also known as the John T. Robinson Cabin, is a recreational cabin on the eastern shore of Lake McDonald in Glacier National Park, Montana. The cabin was built about 1910 at the same time a number of other summer camps were built, prior to the establishment of the park. Since the park was designated, it has remained a private inholding.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Beck property was originally part of a homestead developed in the 1890s by Denis and Lydia Comeau, who had 164 acre near the top of Lake McDonald. Denis Comeau was a sawyer in the winter. The Comeaus sold the parcel that would become the Beck camp to John Robinson in 1905. After their divorce a couple of years later, Denis Comeau left for British Columbia and Lydia subdivided more of her land. The cabin on the Robinson property was built about 1910, possibly by Edward Cruger, who built other similar cabins in the area. The cabin was unoccupied in the 1920s and 1930s, when children from neighboring camps called it the "haunted cabin." The National Park Service, which was buying properties on the lake for the park, did not acquire the Robinson property, and the heir of John Robinson sold it in 1941 to O.M. Junkind. It then passed to Alice Beck, who sold it to Eugene and Luella Fox in 1950. Fox descendants continue to own the property.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Beck Cabin is a 1-1/2 story peeled log cabin with a screened porch across the side facing the lake under the extended front gable. It was expanded by framed additions in 1965 and 1975. The interior consists of a main room facing the lake with a sleeping loft above along the back wall. The kitchen is at the back. The additions contain bedrooms.</p><br>
<p>The Beck Cabin was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 26, 2008.</p><br>
<p>Fifehead Wood is a woodland in Dorset, England, near the village of Fifehead Magdalen. Owned and maintained by the Woodland Trust, Fifehead Wood covers a total area of 20.36 hectare, and is situated upon a ridge of Corallian Limestone within the depths of Blackmoor Vale.</p><br>
<p>The name Fifehead is thought to originate with an assessment made during the Domesday census of 1086, the village at that time comprising five hides of land.</p><br>
<h2>Ecosystem</h2><br>
<p>Flora such as the musky-smelling helmet flower (Anemone nemorosa), the five-faced bishop (Adoxa), the early purple orchid (Orchis mascula), and the yellow pimpernel (Lysimachia nemorum) grow within Fifehead Wood, while bluebell carpets appear each spring.</p><br>
<p>Maps produced by the Ordnance Survey from 1805 to 1811 reveal that Fifehead Wood has remained substantially unchanged for over two centuries.</p><br>
<p>The woodland is therefore classed as Ancient Semi-Natural, and has been designated a Site of Nature Conservation Interest.</p><br>
<p>The trees living at Fifehead are predominantly broad-leaved like the English oak (Quercus robur), field maple (Acer campestre) and common ash (Fraxinus excelsior).</p><br>
<p>Mercurialis perennis (commonly known as dog&#39;s mercury), blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), common bracken (Pteridium aquilinum), and honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum) make up most of the understorey.</p><br>
<p>Hazel (Corylus) has been regularly coppiced here over the years — this ancient practice still continues (although on a much smaller scale than previously), chiefly to preserve the existing habitat.</p><br>
<p>In the past, the tenants of Fifehead would have been required to pay duty to the lord of the manor in numerous different ways. Maintenance and upkeep of the ditches and enclosures within the immediate area was the responsibility of those that inhabited it, and a steady supply of brushwood and timber from the wood was demanded.</p><br>
<p>Fifehead Wood provides the light orange underwing moth (Archiearis notha) with its sole Dorset residence.</p><br>
<p>The site also has a large variety of butterflies, such as the white admiral (Limenitis camilla) and the purple hairstreak (Neozephyrus quercus).</p><br>
<p>Breeding populations of several different birds inhabit Fifehead Wood. Grey heron and great spotted woodpeckers may be spotted,</p><br>
<p>and treecreepers can also be observed spiraling within the habitat, as they ascend tree trunks in a progression of small hops.</p><br>
<p>Topaz Mountain is a summit in the Thomas Range of Utah, east of the Thomas caldera. The summit and surrounding area is known for its relative abundance of semiprecious minerals including topaz, red beryl and opal.</p><br>
<h2>Geology and geography</h2><br>
<p>Topaz Mountain is part of the Thomas Range, located in Juab County, Utah, approximately 36 miles Northwest of Delta, Utah. The mountain lies on publicly owned land managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Collection of rocks and mineral is permitted at Topaz Mountain and, as a result, the area is frequented by amateur as well as professional rock hounds.</p><br>
<h2>Minerals</h2><br>
<h3>Topaz</h3><br>
<p>Topaz is a semiprecious gemstone that occurs as very hard, transparent crystals in a variety of colors. Topaz crystals, such as those found at Topaz Mountain, are naturally amber colored, but become colorless after exposure to sunlight. Topaz forms within cavities of the volcanic rock, rhyolite, from eruptions that occurred six to seven million years ago during the Tertiary Period. Topaz is embedded in the rhyolite rock, and also found loose on the slopes and arroyos.</p><br>
<h3>Red beryl</h3><br>
<p>Red beryl, a rare mineral found at Topaz Mountain, occurs as small crystals, often attached to other mineral crystals. It is estimated that one red beryl crystal is found for every 150,000 diamonds. Prices for top quality natural red beryl can be as high as $10,000 per carat for faceted stones.</p><br>
<h3>Other minerals</h3><br>
<p>A variety of other minerals are found at Topaz Mountain including garnet, amethyst, opal, pseudobrookite, and hematite.</p><br>
<p>The Elizabeth Apartments on Second Ave. NW in Jamestown, North Dakota were built in 1921. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>According to its NRHP nomination, the building was deemed significant "for its association with the business lives of the John H. Canhams and Ormsby McHargs, leading developers and owners of Jamestown&#39;s utility companies from 1888 to 1924" and also "architecturally and historically as the best example in the city of affordable multi-family housing constructed in response to the population boom in Jamestown between 1910 and 1920 when housing was scarce, Post-World War I labor costs were high, and there was a severe shortage of building materials."</p><br>
<p>The design was simple and extensively used stucco, which "directly related to the need for quick construction and the lack of good building materials, including brick, in the early 1920s."</p><br>
